I would look at the controversy about "what to do about deafness?" which has had opposite trends such as

  * deaf people learn how to sign (in a language which is not an encoding of the culture's dominant language) and form a culture with other deaf people

  * deaf people get speech lessons,  learn lip reading,  and otherwise try to pass as hearing people

People will make the case that one of these maximizes human development and the other is the road to ruin, they just don't agree on which is which.